/pol/ - Politically Incorrect

https://boards.4chan.org/pol/thread/542141346/former-orthodox-jew-proclaims-the-shroud-of-turin

Yes, at the end of the day, Jews will support the existence of Jesus prior to 1000AD.

>>13656043

>Crucifixion was never a Roman punishment.

Is there a biggest lie contest going on in this thread?

>>13656542

> "mine sight dated"

site

https://boards.4chan.org/pol/thread/542612828/tds-1536-twarticle-man

>tell me about the habiru and their relation to the "ancient israelites"

The Habiru (also spelled Apiru) were a social class of outlaws, rebels, nomads, and migrant workers in the ancient Near East.

Who the Habiru Were

Social status: “A designation of a class of people who made their living by hiring themselves out for various services.”

Time frame: Found in texts from the 18th to 12th centuries BCE across Egypt, Canaan, Mesopotamia, and Anatolia.

Lifestyle: Often lived on the edges of society as mercenaries, outlaws, or runaway servants.

Relation to Ancient Israelites

The Name Link: The linguistic root of Habiru or Apiru is closely linked to the biblical term Ivri (Hebrew).

The Amarna Letters: 14th-century BCE letters from Canaanite rulers to the Egyptian pharaoh complain about Habiru raiding and taking over city-states, which some tie to the biblical conquest of Canaan.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:14:16 No.542619976▶>>542619995

>>542619955

The Socioeconomic Foundation (The Habiru)

• The Concept: The Habiru (or 'Apiru) were not an ethnic group, but a marginalized socioeconomic class of landless wanderers, migrant workers, bandits, and mercenaries.

• The Connection: Displaced Semitic peoples matching this exact Habiru profile formed a major demographic and ethnic stock origin in the Eastern Nile Delta. Over generations, this raw human material integrated, settled, and laid the cultural and populace foundation for a new identity.

The Political Evolution (The Hyksos)

• The Transition: This migrant stock evolved into the Hyksos, a distinct socio-ethnic group and powerful merchant/mercenary elite.

• The Rise: Seizing on a period of domestic Egyptian weakness, the Hyksos took political control of Lower (Northern) Egypt, establishing the 15th Dynasty and ruling from their capital at Avaris.

• The Fall: Native Egyptian dynasties from the south eventually launched a successful counter-offensive. Pharaoh Ahmose I overthrew the Hyksos around 1550 BCE, driving them out of Egypt and pursuing them into the Levant.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:14:47 No.542619995▶>>542620024

>>542619976

The Reframing of Trauma (The Moses Myth)

• The Reality: Defeated and humiliated, the remaining Hyksos and their followers retreated into isolation within the rugged Canaanite highlands.

• The Revisionism: Rather than passing down the bitter truth of their military defeat and expulsion, the descendants of these refugees engaged in an act of political survival literature and psychological reframing.

• The Flip: They turned the historical trauma on its head to create a self-serving narrative: Their status as defeated rulers was reframed as innocent, oppressed slaves. Their forced expulsion was spun into a miraculous, divinely ordered flight (the Exodus) led by Moses. Their retreat into the isolation of the mountains was recast as a holy march to a Promised Land.

• The Parallel: This strategy directly mirrors how later Jewish elites handled the Babylonian Exile—spinning a crushing geopolitical defeat into a narrative of cosmic chosenness and divine destiny to preserve their tribal identity.

The Later Geopolitical Landscape

• The Israelites: Through this shared, mythologized memory of Egypt, the uprooted highland populations (the old Habiru stock and Hyksos remnants) solidified into the ethnic identity of the Ancient Israelites.

• The Philistines: Hundreds of years later (c. 1175 BCE), the Philistines arrived via the Mediterranean and were established on the southern coastal plains, eventually setting up a geographic and military rivalry with the isolated Israelite highlanders.

>>13656623

>>542619995

Pharaoh Ramesses III set up the Philistines in southwestern Canaan around 1175 BCE.

The historical details recorded in Egyptian inscriptions, such as the reliefs at Medinet Habu, reveal how they arrived and the strategy behind placing them there.

Who They Were Before Settling

The Philistines were originally part of a massive maritime migration known to the Egyptians as the Sea Peoples.

They were a displaced, seafaring, and militarily advanced population primarily originating from the Aegean region (likely Crete or mainland Greece).

One specific tribe within this coalition was called the Peleset in Egyptian records—which translates directly to Philistine.

How and Why Egypt Set Them Up

During the Late Bronze Age Collapse, the Sea Peoples launched a massive, coordinated land and sea invasion to conquer Egypt.

Ramesses III narrowly defeated them in the brutal Battle of the Delta.

Rather than executing the survivors or leaving them as roaming threats, Ramesses III executed a deliberate imperial strategy:

• The Forced Settlement Policy: Egyptian texts indicate that Ramesses III took the captured Peleset prisoners and forcibly resettled them into Egyptian-controlled fortresses along the southwestern coastal plain of Canaan (the cities of Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ashdod).

• Buffer Zone Border Control: Egypt's empire was weakening, and its northeastern border was constantly raided by desert nomads, bandits, and rival forces. By placing a highly militarized, foreign population on the coast, Egypt created a permanent defensive buffer zone.

• Vassalage and Mercenary Labor: The Philistines were bound by vassalage. In exchange for the coastal land, they acted as garrison troops for Pharaoh, guarding the highly lucrative international trade routes along the Mediterranean coast (the Via Maris).

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:15:51 No.542620052▶>>542620074

>>542620024

The Unintended Consequence

While Ramesses III set them up to serve Egyptian interests, the plan backfired over the next century.

As the Egyptian Empire collapsed entirely and withdrew its forces from Canaan, the Philistines didn't leave.

They absorbed the local Canaanite population, expanded into a powerful independent confederation of five city-states (the Pentapolis), and began pushing inland—right into the rugged highlands where the proto-Israelites had isolated themselves.

The Genesis of the Loop: Terror Met with Arrogance

The loop begins with the baseline trauma of the Habiru/Hyksos expulsion.

• The Terror: A displaced, multi-ethnic underclass and their defeated leaders are driven into the harsh, isolated Canaanite highlands, stripped of their power and wealth.

• The Arrogance (The Turn): To survive the terror of erasure, they invent the ultimate narrative of self-aggrandizement. They are not historical losers; they are the chosen elite of the cosmic creator.

• The Ouroboros: The myth consumes itself. The more isolated and impoverished they are in the highlands, the grander and more uncompromising their religious claims become to compensate for that reality.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:16:22 No.542620074▶>>542620101

>>542620052

The Immediate Limitation: The Philistine Reality Check

A description of the Philistines as an "immediate limitation" fits the archaeological reality perfectly.

• The Ecology: The highlanders found themselves locked in a developing regional philosophic and military ecology. On the coast sat the Philistines—militarily superior, technologically advanced (monopolizing iron production), and securely planted there by the fading shadow of Egypt.

• The Narrative Solution: The highlanders could not defeat the Philistines in a straightforward imperial clash. Therefore, the text transforms the Philistines into a narrative tool—a divine "whip" used by Yahweh to punish Israel whenever they faltered, or a foil for mythic underdogs (like Samson or David). The physical limitation of Philistine dominance was absorbed into the self-delusion: The Philistines only win if our God allows them to.

The Terminal Devastation: The Babylonian Incursion

The ultimate test of this psychological construct came when the Neo-Babylonian Empire swept through the Levant under Nebuchadnezzar II.

• The Equalizing Blow: Babylon did not care about local rivalries. It systematically crushed the militarily superior coastal Philistines and totally devastated the Judean/Israelite kingdoms, burning Jerusalem and dragging its elites into exile.

>>13656624

• The Ultimate Aggrandizement: For the Philistines, total defeat meant assimilation and cultural death. But for the Judeans, the ouroboros completed its circle. Instead of abandoning their myth because their city was destroyed, the exiled elites doubled down. They edited, compiled, and finalized the Torah/Old Testament in Babylon. They took the ultimate terror (the destruction of their nation) and used it to fuel the ultimate arrogance: Our God is so powerful that He commanded Babylon to destroy us just to prove a point, and He will now use Babylon to remake the entire world for our eventual return.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:16:53 No.542620101▶>>542620168

>>542620074

Through this framework, the Old Testament is the record of a culture that refused to admit defeat; by continuously shifting the goalposts of their narrative from the physical world to the cosmic/theological realm, they transformed a history of chronic geopolitical failure into an immortal, self-serving epic of cosmic destiny.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:18:33 No.542620168▶>>542620272

>>542620101

…HOWEVER

It worth noting, this framework is not entirely accurate… See, thr Egyptians NEVER fully took back over. A segment of thr Hyksos, their most militant and aggressive arm - their jignats - managed to retain power in Egypt even after the Egyptians took back over.

They then systematically destroyed Egypt.

>>

Anonymous (ID: 1C588eIw) 09/14/26(Mon)16:21:04 No.542620272▶

>>542620168

In truth… The story of the Hyksos - proto Jews - in Egypt is terrifyingky similar to the story of the Jews in European society.

Christianity is the foundational form of this in the modern era - when the Hyksos took Egypt, they replaced the Gods with their own, as they did when they took Europe.

>>13611546

thats why my theory is Christ-Cuck didn't take over Rome until Rome had balkanized into a lot of insecure regional warlords and probably an uneasy peace around 900AD.

It was ripe for some transnational Organized Crime group to gin-up a new quasi-religious super-govt association. Just tell everyone everyone else is joining and will be friends, but if you don't join you will be considered a threat by all your neighbors.

Oddly enough, the new Jewish supplied religion never seemed to stop any wars.

I want to thank the poster who said crucifixion was never a method of execution among the romans.

The cross is just a open cube. All the three abrahamic religions are worship of the material reality, from which the Black Cube is its form.

They believe material reality was created by a bearded man, sitting on a throne in the sky.

In fact, the origins of the material reality are imprinted on the palm of your hand. It is at the junction of the origin of the heart lines. When you close the palms to pray, you are closing the circuit, emulating the folding of the cube.

The man on a unfolded cube is the one who gets sacrificed to carry the npc burdens. When you pray to him, you are put on his place and your individuality is sacrificed for "the greater good" thus becoming a npc. Hence why accountability is so uncommon these days, the npc says it was the devil who made him do evil.

predictions on what these scrolls will say and what will be "oddly" missing? :)

Because according The Jews, Jews and Israel was a pretty big deal in Roman politics at the time. Maybe not the biggest, but would certainly be mentioned from a few angles in any library.

The procedure replicated what happened to more than a thousand papyrus scrolls in a library in the Italian city of Herculaneum, when ash from Mount Vesuvius inundated the city in A.D. 79 and turned ancient learning—some likely unknown today—into brittle, carbonized husks. The eruption, which also buried nearby Pompeii, preserved for posterity the only known intact library from antiquity.

Seiler's goal was to determine whether it's possible to read the text on carbonized scrolls without unrolling them and reducing them to black dust. The key, he hypothesized, was that inks containing lead would stand out when a scroll is scanned by an X-ray beam and that computer algorithms could virtually unroll the scroll to reveal the hidden text.

In a paper published Sept. 16 in the journal PLOS ONE, Seiler and his collaborators, including several Berkeley experts, report that even minuscule amounts of lead in the ink make the letters readable by X-ray tomography, or X-ray CT. The lead absorbs up to 25 times as many X-rays as the charred papyrus, making the inked letters stand out.

"With lead in the ink, you would get a huge friggin' signature, so you really need to be looking for scrolls with lead in them," Seiler said. "They're having problems reading a lot of them because of the low contrast of carbon ink on carbon paper. We're relatively certain that if they start searching for lead, or they let us search for lead, it will help this whole process. This is the Holy Grail."

>>13656881

PS-my question would be, of this "….huge Jewish cemetery of the Second Temple period….", how many tombs were found with artifacts clearly indicating some other culture and distinctly not Jewish.

IIRC the best Roman records indicate what might have been proto-Jews were only on one hill about 11% of the land of Judea when Roman's arrived. Unless this "….huge Jewish cemetery of the Second Temple period…." is a match to that 11% area I think we've got a problem.

>>13656823

There is no single total for how many beheaded bodies have ever been found from ancient Rome. Instead, archaeologists keep uncovering them across the former empire, especially in Roman Britain where decapitation burials are relatively common.The Big PictureTotal across the empire: Unknown. Thousands of Roman-era graves are excavated every year, but comprehensive global tallies of decapitations do not exist.General rate: In Roman Britain, beheaded bodies usually make up about 2.5% to 6% of typical burial sites.The practice: Skulls are often placed next to the feet or between the legs. Experts debate whether this was a standard (if alternative) funeral rite or the result of judicial executions.Notable Mass DiscoveriesArchaeologists occasionally hit "hotspots" with unusually high concentrations of headless skeletons:Fleet Marston (Buckinghamshire, England): Around 40 beheaded skeletons were found here in early 2022 among a larger dig of 425 bodies.Great Whelnetham (Suffolk, England): About 40% of the 52 skeletons uncovered at this 4th-century cemetery (roughly 20 individuals) were decapitated.Knobb’s Farm / Somersham (Cambridgeshire, England): Researchers found 17 decapitated skeletons out of 52 burials (33% of the site), with evidence suggesting military or judicial executions.

https://search.brave.com/search?q=what+did+Roman+records+say+about+Masada%3F&source=desktop&conversation=099c133ad644879d8c70e7e0f372c5812614

"Roman records, specifically military inscriptions and tombstones, do not mention the Siege of Masada. While legionnaires frequently commemorated major campaigns like the Siege of Jerusalem on their gravestones, no such records exist for Masada, suggesting the Roman military viewed it as a minor, localized operation rather than a significant imperial victory.

This absence is cited by researchers to support the theory that the siege was much shorter than traditionally assumed, lasting only a few weeks rather than years. The lack of extensive artifacts from a long-term encampment further indicates that the Romans conducted a swift, precision strike to suppress the last rebel holdout and protect the lucrative balsam trade in nearby Ein Gedi, after which they departed quickly. "

So we know about details like "protect the lucrative balsam trade in nearby Ein Gedi" but not a single mention of the group and ethnicity of their enemy??? I've never heard of "balsam" in it original context, and I'm still not sure if they are talking about tree sap or vinegar.

Did "Masada" even ever happen, regardless of who the "bandits" were?

Supposedly the Jews found some Roman records but it rather mundane and nothing indicates any combat or siege before or after. I'm guessing it was first an Egyptian temple and lookout, then a Roman lookout.

Interesting thread on 4Chan about Nick VS The Professor on where Jews came from.

Some of this I haven't specifically debunked, so check back in a bit.

https://boards.4chan.org/pol/thread/543356854/nick-modern-jews-are-same-jews-as-bible#bottom

Anonymous (ID: bwLeFLJx) 09/27/26(Sun)10:33:08 No.543376470▶>>543378441

>>543376023

>>543376023

## Part 1: The Linguistic Reality of Dr. Ian Young's Claims

Dr. Ian Young, a professor of Classical Hebrew, belongs to a school of thought called biblical minimalism, which tries to push the composition of the Bible as late into history as possible. For generations, the academic consensus has been that you can date books of the Bible by looking at the language. Books like Genesis or Samuel use Early Biblical Hebrew (EBH) from before the Babylonian exile (pre-586 BC). Books like Ezra, Nehemiah, or Chronicles use Late Biblical Hebrew (LBH), which features heavy Persian and Aramaic influences from after the exile.

Young argues that this whole system is wrong. He claims that:

* They Weren't Eras, They Were Styles: EBH and LBH were not two different chronological time periods. Instead, they were two competing styles or dialects of writing that co-existed at the exact same time.

* Textual Fluidity: Scribes in the Hellenistic period (3rd century BC and later) were constantly rewriting, adding to, and altering the minor linguistic details of these books.

* The Conclusion: Because scribes were changing the language well into the late Second Temple period, Young asserts that you cannot use the Hebrew language to prove a book is old. If a text looks like it was written in 800 BC, Young says a scribe in 250 BC could have just chosen to write in an archaic "antique" style, meaning the final form of the text we have was essentially fixed very late.

The overwhelming majority of biblical historians and historical linguists have heavily pushed back on Young's theories, viewing them as deeply flawed and counterintuitive.

## Part 2: Why Mainstream Scholars Reject the "Styles" Theory

The overwhelming majority of historical linguists have heavily pushed back on Young's theories. They argue his view is completely unsustainable for several major reasons:

* 1. Forging an Evolving Language is Nearly Impossible: Languages change organically over time in ways that are incredibly difficult to fake backwards. Early Biblical Hebrew tracks perfectly with Northwest Semitic inscriptions found on 9th-to-7th century BC pottery fragments and stone monuments dug out of the ground by archaeologists. A 3rd-century BC writer would have to perfectly mimic archaic grammar, syntax, and spelling while completely avoiding words from their own era—a feat of historical linguistics that simply did not exist in antiquity.

* 2. The Missing Words Smoking Gun: The most devastating argument against Young is the distribution of foreign loanwords. If the "Early" books of the Bible were actually edited or written in the 3rd century BC under the Greeks, they should accidentally include Persian or Greek loanwords. Yet, Persian loanwords appear only in the late books (like Esther, Daniel, and Ezra) and are completely absent from books like Genesis or Samuel. A 3rd-century forge-master would have to keep track of a massive philological blacklist perfectly across dozens of scrolls.

* 3. Dialect "Styles" Don't Work That Way: Linguists point out that languages do not maintain two vastly different grammatical structures as mere "literary choices" across centuries without one naturally overtaking the other or bleeding into it. The transition from EBH to LBH perfectly mirrors how natural languages evolve over generations due to geopolitical changes, migrations, and foreign empires.

## Part 3: Extra-Biblical Archaeological Proof (First Temple Period)

Dozens of extra-biblical Hebrew documents dug out of the ground by archaeologists completely prove Hebrew evolved chronologically over different eras, fundamentally debunking the "competing contemporary styles" theory. Leading historical linguists have used these physical, externally dated archaeological artifacts to prove that the differences between Early Biblical Hebrew (EBH) and Late Biblical Hebrew (LBH) are strictly tied to time periods, not literary preference.

These physical pieces of pottery with ink writing (ostraca), stone engravings, and official government administrative pieces found across the ancient Kingdoms of Israel and Judah show a clear chronological timeline:

>>13657184

* The Khirbet Qeiyafa Ostracon (10th Century BC): An early ink inscription on pottery tracking closely with the era of King David.

* The Siloam Tunnel Inscription (Late 8th Century BC): A monumental inscription carved straight into stone in Jerusalem to mark the completion of Hezekiah's water tunnel.

* The Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulets (7th Century BC): Tiny, rolled-up silver sheets containing the oldest surviving scriptural text (the Priestly Blessing).

* The Arad and Lachish Letters (Early 6th Century BC): Military dispatches written right as the Babylonians were invading Judea.

Every single one of these physical documents uses the exact same archaic grammar, specific vocabulary, and unique vowel spelling systems found in Early Biblical Hebrew (EBH). They show absolutely zero traces of the late grammatical changes or Persian words that appear after the exile.

## Part 4: Post-Exilic Proof and the Final Conclusion

As the geopolitical reality shifted and the Jews returned from Babylon under the Persian Empire, the physical documents found by archaeologists from this later era change dramatically.

* The Elephantine Papyri & Samaria Papyri (5th–4th Century BC): Documents showing Jews interacting directly with the Persian administration.

Suddenly, the Hebrew found on everyday documents begins structurally absorbing Aramaic syntax and explicit Persian administrative loanwords. This is exactly where Late Biblical Hebrew (LBH) comes from.

If Ian Young's "style" argument were true, archaeology would find a chaotic mix: some 8th-century BC pottery would accidentally feature Persian loanwords, and some 3rd-century BC documents would be flawlessly ancient.

Instead, archaeology reveals a strict, predictable, one-way chronological progression. The language dug out of the dirt matches the timeline perfectly. A 3rd-century BC scribe could easily update spellings to make a text easier to read, but they could not fabricate a centuries-long, organically evolving linguistic ecosystem that aligns flawlessly with external archaeology.

>>543374606

it's from Diodorus Siculus who uses Hecateus of Abdera(4th century BC) as source

https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7/%CE%91

>παρὰ μὲν γὰρ τοῖς Ἀριανοῖς Ζαθραύστην ἱστοροῦσι τὸν ἀγαθὸν δαίμονα προσποιήσασθαι τοὺς νόμους αὐτῷ διδόναι, παρὰ δὲ τοῖς ὀνομαζομένοις Γέταις τοῖς ἀπαθανατίζουσι Ζάλμοξιν ὡσαύτως τὴν κοινὴν Ἑστίαν, παρὰ δὲ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις Μωυσῆν τὸν Ἰαὼ ἐπικαλούμενον θεόν

>Thus it is recorded that among the Arians Zathraustes claimed that the Good Spirit gave him his laws, among the people known as the Getae who represent themselves to be immortal Zalmoxis asserted the same of their common goddess Hestia, and among the Jews Moyses referred his laws to the god who is invoked as Iao.

Reminder that this thread would be banned in a russian network.

>>13657233

Officially/Criminally by Govt or just "culturally" by whichever mid-wits were running the servers?

How about Norway, China or Japan?

I've heard in spite of generally being Catholic and with a Jewess, Mexico is quite tolerant of critics of The Church and about 100yrs ago were hunting priests as part of the Revolution. Not sure how much of the Revolution was Jews.

Sista in first picrel

new theory, Abrahamics are a debased form of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianism

Zoros took over Egypt and surroundings in 520BC.

>>13657586

"No, the Persian (Zoroastrian) conquest of Egypt—specifically Cambyses II's invasion and conquest of Egypt in 525 BCE—is not mentioned in the Old Testament."

According to "history" not only did the Persians make treaties for safe-passage and water through Arab lands, but the Persians chose GAZA for their pre-invasion staging headquarters.

>>13657590

which figures?

>>13657188

>>13657184

>Some of this I haven't specifically debunked, so check back in a bit.

I was in that thread and was excited to see a more thorough breakdown. then a bit intimidated by the length of this discussion going back 18 months. but was optimistic that there'd be a lot to sink my teeth into.

I'm about 20% through and you haven't laid out an argument yet. what gives?

>>13611342

video link is dead and no title was given.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm

Kinda reminds me of how Jews (and Muslims) will explain away the lack of Jewish or Islamic artifacts by claiming "being a pious people, we don't adorn our belongings (so we're going to call any low quality unmarked broken pottery "proof of Ancient Israel").

"The Papacy remained firmly in support of the use of religious images throughout the period, and…." OK, so where are all those from pre-1000AD?

do you mind if I interject as I go?

>>13611396

while this may be tempting, and simple to believe, I would hold off. I have a slightly more complicated theory.

1477, 1497, 1538

these are pretty good. I will add that Odin and Odysseus share a root. this has been somewhat obscured to where Al will tell you they are wildly different, but foh.

>>13611546

2033 will be here soon. careful what you wish for

>>13611690

hadnt considered that. had always heard the connections to Dionysus but the actual vine is interesting. especially since other parables are about being grafted and such.

>>13611845

that sounds as suspicious and convenient as the dead sea scrolls.

>>13612060

"trust the experts" we're still doing this?

>>13612152

>you indians

>is roma

>>13657731

I think the thesis is correct, but its so out-there that people will need convincing. I respect that you've taken a "change my mind" approach and are welcoming all comers.

If you don't mind I'll lay out my own understanding after I've made my way through.

>>13612312

780 AD minus 164 A.H.

is 616.

your calendar starts at our "number of the beast" date?

one of the theories I heard was that Arius (of the Arianism heresy) started Islam as a heretical sect when he was kicked out in 325 AD. he used a different calendar to make it out to be fulfilling prophecy and padded the date to what I thought was 666, but appears now to be 616 which still fits.

thanks for accidentally providing evidence and confirming that.

one of the earliest letters you guys cherish is of a prayer or a threat to respect Arius. (Muhammad’s letter to Heraclius)

which further confirms that particular theory and suggests that the entire chronology is suspect. just that you have your own dating system is enough to suggest that dating something isnt as simple or straightforward as midwits want to think.

>>13612060

>Bro, every archeologist is wrong. I’m actually more knowledgeable and know better.

There are two "silos" in archeology and universities.

1) the traditional "books written from other books" and they produce a lot of books.

2) the Hard Science nerds that use test tubes, count layers of sediment, and what they publish only makes sense to their fellow scientists.

#1 controls Uni and Govt politics and hence funding and jobs, and the Goon Squads, and #2 knows it.

>>13657772

OP here on other PC.

I'm focused on the supposed mint stamp related to the year of the emperor's reign because:

1)Its not shown anywhere online that I can find.

2)Since metal can't be dated even by problematic methods such as Carbon-14, the stamp is about the only way to claim these dates within about 1000yrs, give or take.

3)There is no provenance or chain of custody for these items. Not to sound overly suspicious, but its certainly possible the date stamps were applied shortly after re-discovery to increase the values.

This is starting to fit a fairly well framed pattern of:

1)Very "lonely" items.

2)Several layers of no provenance or chain of custody since found.

3)Key evidence that might prove the date at least somewhat scientifically is missing or has reasonable alternative explanations.

I gotta wonder how much other stuff might have been found of similar construction but with very different or "mixed" messages.

>>13657778

>your own dating system is enough to suggest that dating something isnt as simple or straightforward as midwits want to think.

Chinese date "birth day" from 9 months BEFORE what we call "birth". Not sure of exact number of days.

IIRC some culture likes to include parent's wedding day, or maybe it was "when they first met" as one of your "start dates".

"Classical Philosophy and Science Copies

Because original papyri from Greece and Rome rarely survived Europe's climate, the 10th century was the golden era of monastic "recopying". Many classical works only exist today because of 10th-century scribes:

The Twelve Caesars by Suetonius (c. 950 AD): The earliest surviving physical copy of this ancient Roman biographical history dates exactly to the mid-10th century.

History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides (c. 900 AD): The oldest surviving copy of Thucydides’ foundational historical work dates to this exact era, roughly 1,300 years after it was first composed.

Gallic Wars by Julius Caesar (c. 900 AD): The earliest complete physical copy of Caesar's firsthand account of his military campaigns dates to around 900 AD."

Sounds like a lot of "record copying" going on just prior to 1000AD.

>>13657810

cont….

the sanctuary only from the eleventh century on,¹⁰² several scholars have argued

that there is no secure evidence for any monumental composition of the theme

in the early Byzantine period.¹⁰³ However, the ‘Coptic’ wall paintings in the sanc-

tuaries of churches in Bawit and Wadi Sarga depicting the Communion of the

Apostles were until recently not included in this assessment. Although their dat-

ing to the seventh or eighth century is insecure, they are quite probably earlier

than the earliest Byzantine examples.¹⁰⁴"

Given the oddness of the two plates with two "Jesus" side by side, and the lack of any text about anything Christian, just lots of text about family names and relations, maybe it is about something else, later adopted into Christianity like Christmas and Easter.

Earlier in this thread I opined that late Western Roman coins would have one or two crosses that seemed a better match for the new model sword with big hand guards, wielded either as a big two hander or sword and dagger (never 3 crosses for 'trinity' as on many churches today). But claim is the dual Jesus was only an Eastern concept.