most psychoactive substances don't really 'change your way of thinking' of themselves, but rather give you an access to the subconscious and much as one might experience while just dropping off or waking up from sleep, in effect they put you into a waking dream state where everyday objects and interactions can seem to hold more significance
for example, a sleeper might dream of a dog with a diamond collar, and depending on the sleepers experience with dogs, collars and diamonds, they attach a feeling or a memory from real life, and this symbolism allows the sleeping mind to quickly process thoughts on a subject while dealing with them in a controlled environment that perhaps isn't as threatening or visceral as it would be if the mind simply presented your most recent interaction with a nasty boss who likes to boast about his wealth while barking orders at everyone whom he deems socially inferior
conversely, when one takes a substance like LSD they enter into a half-waking state for several hours, and the mind somewhat assuming it's a real dream, begins to play by the rules of sleep and attributes symbolic meaning to a an empty plastic bag blowing in the wind, or the way someone smiles
at this point it really should be noted that LSD does cause some distortion in perception, not just to one's physical eyes, but to internal conceptualisation, and thus should not be trusted to reveal truth in all clarity, but more through a veiled or foggy euphoria that the wise person should be more than cautious of because if it seems too good to be true, it probably is
interestingly, this access to one's subconscious has been touted as a fantastic way to change thought patterns from the negative to the positive, with many reporting that they were able to process deep psychological hurts more readily, but in most of these self-reported cases, the user was in a controlled environment that was steered by a therapist
yet when we look at the common recreational user, unguided in their thoughts, and unprotected from negative external influences and negative internal thought patterns, the majority of such users report that the more they trip, the more they access their deeper uncomfortable and nightmarish feelings, since their subjectivity doesn't allow them to break out of beliefs they've formed and been building their lives around since their most formative years
all that to say, when one uses a psychoactive like LSD they might be able to address negative thoughts, and by extension; self destructive behaviours when gently prompted to by a well-versed therapist, but we need to understand that this is a radical treatment that could equally be harmful to the user since we are accessing the very building blocks of one's mind upon which everything else rests
were we to liken that to anything, it would be akin to messing around with the OS of a computer, or even changing settings on the BIOS; and even in a therapeutic setting, we should be concerned that the therapist isn't implementing or altering the source code of one's mind to line with their own skewed worldview
and of course, the recreational user is even more at risk, since an untrained mind could easily enact the equivalent of deleting System 32: as evidenced by the sheer volume of acid-burnouts that staggered away from the 1960's
forgive me for focussing so much on LSD, but since it's one of the most observed drugs in your list, and has similar and somewhat more refined and potent effects of all the others you mentioned, it seemed the best jumping off point, but if we lump most other psychoactives under the banner of 'Inducing Dream States' we can extend this conversation to one other substance; DMT
many users report back from using DMT as it having caused an ego death, most of these saying they feel like a changed person afterward and present an almost religious zeal for the wonder-working power of the drug
i would really like to note that this belief is proven false under the most rudimentary observation, since to experience a true death of the 'I' in oneself would make for an unobservable phenomena, since the 'I' would be so dissolute as to not be able to recognise anything and thus could not report back anything at all: thus we can discern that there was an 'ego' there the whole time
if that simple logic doesn't convince you that the spirituality of DMT users is fraudulent, i would suggest that you talk to one of them in the days after a trip to see an excess of egotism when they find you're not on the same spiritual plane as them maaaaaaaaaaaaaaan