>When we encounter hardships, do we get rewarded
You earn forgiveness for your sins through hardship, but as far as I can tell you do not gain additional good deeds directly.
<No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn, but that Allah expiates some of his sins for that.
[Bukhari 5642]
>even if these hardships seemingly don't come from Allah but our ignorance, nafs and bad luck?
Just to clarify, while you are to blame for your misgivings, all things are from Allah.
<[…] But if good comes to them, they say, "This is from Allah "; and if evil befalls them, they say, "This is from you." Say, "All [things] are from Allah ." […]
[Qur'an 4:78]