>>543165
I think an RKKV is more destructive, but you have to consider factors other than destructive power when it comes to defending space lanes, planets, etc. Namely an object in motion stays in motion. Using planetary orbit to slingshot debris isn't unguided at all, and can be performed by a computer algorithm- the enemy will focus on you and thus be less likely to intercept the object in question unless their computer computes and calculates where it will go. A RKKV has its energy added on launch or soon after launch. Thus there's greater recoil than debris-lobbing (which can be deadly for orbital satellites/ships), and it has a much greater "scatter" to it when it impacts. If the enemy spites you and shoots down some space rocks/chunks of metal you lobbed at them with an orbital slingshot effect from losing gravitational pull, at most it will drift into space or it will get pulled into another planet's orbit. It's easy to track. With an RKKV you have two options: Super tough/dense materials that will effectively puncture through a ship + any futuristic kinetic shielding much like a .308 round through cheap apartment walls, or an "exploding" object that uses high speed/scattered mass much like a shotgun to damage an enemy ship.
In the first case, if the object punctures through the ship, you now have a slightly slower (but still pretty fucking fast) ballistically shaped chunk of metal traveling through space, that will inevitably give someone a very bad day whether in a few minutes as they're entering the hyperlane you shot it along, or in a few ten thousand years when it impacts something.
In the second case, you've just created thousands or millions of these particles that will spread out over an even wider area and continue to move. God forbid they get caught in a planet's orbit because then they'll rip apart every satellite object along the way creating shit tons of "orbital pollution" that destroys spacecraft/satellites in orbit, potentially dooming a planet's species to not leaving orbit (if you're lucky) for a few hundred years.
Either way, RKKVs work out in truly empty space, but in context of ship lanes, solar systems, planetary bodies, etc. they fall short because of blowback on your surroundings. You want something as simple as possible that will cause as little damage to the "interplanetary ecosystem/trade routes" as possible.