>>651227
Ok, here are the main Christological viewpoints from both ends of the extreme. You will find that mainstream Christianity holds to Orthodoxy, the most mid way out of all of these. But groups like the Jehovah's Witnesses could be considered Arians, and Gnostics are typically Docetist or Monophysites.
>Adoptionism: Jesus is not pre-existent but was born a normal human being who became the Messiah, the Son of God, at baptism through the decent of the Holy Spirit. Jesus is not God, but a normal human being who was exalted by God through divine grace because he took on our sins on the cross. Held by: Ebionites
>Arianism: Jesus is the pre-existent Son of God, the Logos, who created the universe. He is not God but rather a divine being created by God through whom God created the universe. He became human by virtue of his incarnation where he took on all of our sins on the cross. Held by: Arians. Jehovah's Witnesses also hold a very similar doctrine to Arianism although some elements of Adoptionism are combined with it.
>Nestorianism: The Logos is the second person of the holy Trinity, consubstantial to the Father, equal with the Father and Holy Spirit. He is God the Word. The Logos became incarnate in Jesus by way of grace, and not by way of person/hypostasis. Thus Jesus and the Logos are separate persons who are united with each other by way of grace. So the Word was not born in the flesh, nor was he crucified in the flesh. Held by: Churches of the East.
>Orthodoxy: Jesus existed as God the Word/God the Son from all eternity. He is the second person of the holy Trinity, consubstantial with the Father. He is equal with the Father and Holy Spirit. He became incarnate of the virgin Mary through the Holy Spirit. He is both fully God and fully man, two distinct natures, but one person/hypostasis who is Jesus/God the Son/God the Word. Because of this, Mary may rightfully be called the Mother of God since she gave birth to God in the flesh by way of personhood but not nature. It can also be said that God the Son died on the cross by way of personhood but not nature. Jesus is not simply united to the Word, but he is the Word himself in the flesh. Yet his human nature is not mixed with his divine nature. Held by: Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestants.
>Monophysitism - Jesus existed as God the Word/God the Son from all eternity. He is the second person of the holy Trinity, consubstantial with the Father. He is equal with the Father and Holy Spirit. He came to earth born of the virgin Mary through the Holy Spirit by way of both person and nature. Thus Jesus's human nature and his God nature when united together form a single nature which is wholly divine and which is not separate into two natures. God the Son died on the cross in both person and in nature. God the Son was born in the flesh by way of person and nature. His physical body is wholly divine and apart of God. Held by: Oriental Orthodox Church, Euthycheians
>Docetism - Jesus is wholly a spiritual being who came from God, he is united to God and is one of the many emanations of God. Jesus only appeared as a physical being while on earth, but this was an illusion. He has always been and will always be a pure spiritual being. Thus Jesus was never truly born because he just is. Jesus also was never truly crucified since he is not a carnal being but wholly a spiritual being. His birth and crucifixion were mere illusions to the mind and did not happen in reality. Held by: Gnostics