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>The Roman church's doctrines around the pope and apostolic succession are what they mean when they cite "tradition" as a source of authority.
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia: "The word tradition in the ecclesiastical sense, refers sometimes to the thing (doctrine, account, or custom) transmitted from one generation to another; sometimes to the organ or mode of the transmission."
>The "scripture and tradition" is based on Catholic declarations
If we understand "tradition" in accordance with the Catholic Encyclopedia, then we can say that the dogma about the Immaculate conception of Mary is a novelty which is not based on the original Catholic tradition. Several respected Catholics (Aquinas among them) explicitly denied this dogma.
>When the Orthodox say tradition, they mean what their clergy have historically taught and declared
This is tradition:
Things that we have heard and known,
that our fathers have told us.
We will not hide them from their children,
but tell to the coming generation
the glorious deeds of the Lord, and his might,
and the wonders that he has done.
He established a testimony in Jacob
and appointed a law in Israel,
which he commanded our fathers
to teach to their children,
that the next generation might know them,
the children yet unborn,
and arise and tell them to their children,
so that they should set their hope in God
and not forget the works of God,
but keep his commandments.
(Psalm 77(78):3-7)
The clergy does not have the authority to make changes or additions in the dogmatic tradition. The dogmatic definitions of the councils ought to be merely statements of what the Christian faith always has been, since the Apostles and to this day. The Christians have the right (and the duty) to reject a council (or a bishop) whose decisions are contrary to what they know as Orthodox faith.