Seconding SMT/Persona.
Silent Hunter III is largely just plotting your movements on a map, it would work but I prefer to go full autism/atmosphere and use pencil+paper to do stuff while playing it.
Dwarf Fortress/Rimworld is just handing out plans to your minions while you periodically pause/unpause, it would do well.
Civ IV: Beyond the Sword would be an excellent choice.
XCOM would do it.
I've never played the Elite games but Elite:Dangerous sounds like a good idea from that anon. For alternatives I'd recommend X3 and Freelancer, both great games, although Freelancer is some ultimate tier comfy, up there with STALKER and Silent Hunter, so I prefer to play it with no distractions.
Some buttonmashers may do all right, I think I did something similar playing through God of War 2 and it was pretty fun.