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The 2007 Defense Authorization Bill
Due to the events of 9/11 and terrorist activities, Congress modified the Insurrection Act with the 2007 Defense Authorization Bill. They also changed the name of the Act to the more politically correct, "Enforcement of the Laws to Restore Public Order."
This modification gave the president far more power to use US Military Troops for things like, natural disasters, epidemics, serious public health emergencies, terrorist attacks, or other conditions, when the President determines that the authorities of the state are incapable of maintaining public order. In other words almost anything he wanted.
Thankfully the 2008 Defense Authorization Bill repealed those changes.
Presidential Authority to Use US Military Forces
Here are the current conditions the president can use to deploy US Military Troops on American soil.
(1) The President may employ the armed forces, including the National Guard in Federal service, to–
(A) restore public order and enforce the laws of the United States when, as a result of a natural disaster, epidemic, or other serious public health emergency, terrorist attack or incident, or other condition in any State or possession of the United States, the President determines that–
(i) domestic violence has occurred to such an extent that the constituted authorities of the State or possession are incapable of maintaining public order; and
(ii) such violence results in a condition described in paragraph (2); or
(B) suppress, in a State, any insurrection, domestic violence, unlawful combination, or conspiracy if such insurrection, violation, combination, or conspiracy results in a condition described in paragraph (2).
(2) A condition described in this paragraph is a condition that–
(A) so hinders the execution of the laws of a State or possession, as applicable, and of the United States within that State or possession, that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named in the Constitution and secured by law, and the constituted authorities of that State or possession are unable, fail, or refuse to protect that right, privilege, or immunity, or to give that protection; or
(B) opposes or obstructs the execution of the laws of the United States or impedes the course of justice under those laws.